Exam Multiple Choice and True/False.
1) Race categories can justify inequalities in a society that presents itself as having equality for all.
Select one:
· True
· False
2) There are more differences between individuals of so-called races than there are between the races themselves.
Select one:
· True
· False
3) The notion of health is very easy to define.
Select one:
· True
· False
4) As highlighted by Eric Wolf, the nation-state began to develop as a new partnership was formed between what two things?
Select one:
· The ruling elite and the military.
· The merchant class and the ruling elite.
· The ruling elite and slave laborers.
· The merchant class and the consumers.
5) Robert Cameiro argues that war may have begun as an effort to oust a rival from a territory, but later evolved into something else. What does he claim it evolved into?
Select one:
· An effort to promote religious domination.
· An effort to control inter-tribal trade.
· An effort to subjugate and control an enemy.
· An effort to initiate the formation of alliances.
6) The 1971 multicultural policy in Canada started as a policy of biculturalism.
Select one:
· True
· False
7) One thing a medical anthropologist may look at is how the wealth of an individual is impacting their health.
Select one:
· True
· False
8) Violent conflict is thought to be the primary force behind the transformation of human societies from small-scale scattered villages into the state formation we see now.
Select one:
· True
· False
9) Our understanding of which body is healthy and which one isn’t has remained the same in the west. A lean and toned or muscular body has always been the ideal.
Select one:
· True
· False
10) Ethnicity is subjective, even though what it is based on, or invokes, is objective or shared cultural and historical markers.
Select one:
· True
· False
11) If violence is already present in a society, anxieties about protecting oneself, one’s family, and one’s resources can create a strong bias toward collective violence.
Select one:
· True
· False
12) Biomedicine is not classified as ethnomedicine.
Select one:
· True
· False
13) David Riches defined violence as a symbolic and performative act that is deemed illegitimate by the victim and witnesses.
Select one:
· True
· False
14) Which option is the best description of hegemonic masculinity?
Select one:
· The privileging of ideas and norms of masculinity in a society.
· The domination of men over women and the predominance of macho behaviour.
· A form of male bonding behaviour found in fraternities or other organizations that admit only men.
· A way of asserting maleness that does not involve violence or aggression.
15) Multiculturalism, as defined by Eva Mackey, is a policy in which hyphenated cultures, such as French-Canadian or German-Canadian, are acknowledged and are understood to be on par (equal) with Canadian culture.
Select one:
· True
· False
16) Random acts of violence can best understood as purely physical acts that are devoid of history.
Select one:
· True
· False
17) What distinction did the early colonial administrators use to distinguish between the Tutsi, and Twa?
Select one:
· Racial.
· Wealth.
· Kinship.
· Ethnic.
18) Violence has more to do the situations people find themselves in and less to do with individual motivations.
Select one:
· True
· False
19) In Canada and the United States there are particular beliefs about race and identity. Which of these is NOT part of commonly held beliefs about race?
Select one:
· Race is an ascribed category (you are born with it).
· Race is genetically passed on from one generation to the next.
· Race is normally based on different physical attributes.
· Race is an achieved category (you are become a member of a race).
20) What type of a society is best able to impede the spread of disease and illness?
Select one:
· Industrialized developed nations.
· Nations with advanced health care.
· Large-scale scattered societies.
· Small- scale scattered societies.
21) What constitutes health and well-being in one society may be quite different in another society.
Select one:
· True
· False
22) The use of “tribal” to discuss African politics but not, say, European politics shows how negative judgments about _________ are coded in speech.
Select one:
· Truth.
· Race.
· Class.
· Opinions.
23) The sickness conditions include states of the person EXCEPT for relationships.
Select one:
· True
· False
24) Disease is the clinical manifestation of altered physical function and illness is the individuals perception of their altered state of health.
Select one:
· True
· False
25) What are major determinants of health?
Select one:
· Genetics and nutrition.
· Country you are from and income level.
· Income level and dwelling place.
· Gender and race.
26) The criteria that people use when they assign the term sickness to a given state is based on complex interactions between human biology and culture.
Select one:
· True
· False
27) The Catholic Church in Rwanda has always remained in support of the Tutsi being the natural and proper leaders of the country.
Select one:
· True
· False
28) Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about violence?
Select one:
· It is difficult to find societies that do not sanction violence for one reason or another.
· Acts of collective violence can be rationalized as purposeful, noble, or inevitable.
· Violent conflict is natural and in many cases inevitable.
· The roots of violence lie in the human mind, not in the genes.
29) Where do the roots of crime, poverty, and war come from?
Select one:
· Racism.
· Social/cultural behaviour.
· Prejudice.
· State regulations.
30) As was shown through the Milgram electric shock experiment and the prison experiment at Stanford:
Select one:
· Violence is less to be explained by the dispositions and motivations of individual agents and rather needs to be explored by being attentive to the factors of the situations in which people are placed.
· Violence is best explained by the motivations of the individual agents and not by bring attentive to the factors of the situations in which people are placed.
· With proper sensitivity training people can learn to not commit acts of violence.
· Violence is usually committed by people who are devious, bad, and/or evil.
31) Once violence is framed in terms of being a struggle between good and evil what approach to the violent situation do most people come to believe is the appropriate one?
Select one:
· Immediate.
· Passive.
· Active.
· Collective.
32) A young female, who has red bumps all over her body as a result of her participation in food gathering with adult females, could view her altered health state as a rite of passage indicating her transition from being a child to an adult. In this example, she is an individual who has illness without a disease.
Select one:
· True
· False
33) Through violence people are able to convey cultural and social meaning to an audience. What are people able to reinforce aspects of by receiving and interpreting that meaning?
Select one:
· Ego.
· Identity.
· Perspective.
· Perceptions.
34) The “unbiased” notions of culture in the HTT proposal, seems to provide ideological justification for military occupation by appealing to stereotypes.
Select one:
· True
· False
35) What is the conceptualization of health dependent on?
Select one:
· Biomedical understandings of health a well-being.
· The kinship structuring of the group.
· How the normal states of well-being are constructed.
· The technology the nation has.
36) The Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa, have always considered themselves to be racially distinct, which is why the colonial categories defining them as such made sense to them.
Select one:
· True
· False
37) Who defined sickness as, “an unwanted condition of ‘self’?
Select one:
· Franz Boas.
· Clifford Geert.
· Robert Hahn.
· Robin Lakoff.
38) Which medical theory holds that illness is caused by social tension or conflict and that it is not caused by microorganisms?
Select one:
· Supernatural.
· Biomedical.
· Personal.
· Interpersonal.
39) The nation-state is constructed in such a way that the political community, as a seat of authority, is ranked above the social community.
Select one:
· True
· False
40) Violence is not a structural or behavioural characteristic that is specific to an individual or independent of the group.
Select one:
· True
· False
41) Medical anthropologists look at how the race of an individual, and not geography, may predispose them for a medical condition. An example of this is how sickle cell anemia is understood to be an African condition.
Select one:
· True
· False
42) A person from a culture that follows the biomedical model would be unlikely to perceive their disease as being caused by social tensions.
Select one:
· True
· False
43) Susto is believed to occur when the soul of a person detaches itself from their body.
Select one:
· True
· False
44) Race in no way determines where someone can live, what schools they can go to, and who they can associate with.
Select one:
· True
· False
45) People without centralized states go to great lengths to avoid violence, in part because there is no authority to help stop it once it begins.
Select one:
· True
· False
46) What has increased our exposure to infectious agents?
Select one:
· Environmental devastation.
· Cultural complexity.
· Human apathy.
· Technological complexity.
47) Nations have no palpable existence outside of the symbolism through which they are envisioned.
Select one:
· True
· False
48) It can be difficult sometimes to identify if someone is the victim, the perpetrator, or the observer of a violent crime.
Select one:
· True
· False
49) Ethnicity is consciousness of difference and the subjective salience of that difference.
Select one:
· True
· False
50) Which of these statements accurately represents the view of anthropologists concerning of people into discreet “races” on the basis of physical features?
Select one:
· There is too much physical diversity within specific populations to scientifically accept the idea of distinct races.
· There is a scientific basis for race, but all races are equally intelligent.
· The limited sharing of genetic material means that over time, distinct human races have emerged and are scientifically valid.
· Human races are natural and separate divisions within the human species.
51) Racial classifications are cultural and not biological.
Select one:
· True
· False
52) In Rwanda, access to Christian schools was essential if an individual wished to have access to administrator jobs.
Select one:
· True
· False
53) Illness and healing are basic human experiences that are best understood holistically in the complex and varied interactions between human biology and culture.
Select one:
· True
· False
54) There are genetic codes which define the differences between races.
Select one:
· True
· False
55) Who believed that the nation was an imagined community?
Select one:
· David Kertzer.
· David Riches.
· Benedict Anderson.
· Carol Nagengast.
