Biology paper- Cellular respiration and Photosynthesis
The REFERENCES page is alphabetized according to the author’s last name. Each reference usually has the following: author, year of publication, title of book or article (Capitalize only the first word of the title, subtitle, or proper nouns), and publication data. If the work has a digital object identifier (doi), use it. You must have a reference for every source used in your paper. In the examples below, the references are single spaced. For your references, be sure they are double spaced and if the citation is more than one line indent the remaining lines by ½ an inch. If a periodical does not use volume numbers, include p. or pp. before the page numbers. This is so the reader will understand that the numbers refer to pages. Also, don’t use a period at the end of a web address.
SOURCES
REFERENCE
BOOKS
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial. (Year of publication). Title of book . City, State of Publication: Publisher.
One author
Goldsworthy, A. (2010). How Rome fell: Death or a superpower. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Two to seven authors
Fairholme, E. & Pain, W. (1924) A century of work for animals. London, England: J. Murray.
Eight or more authors
Thatcher, J., Waddell, C., Henry, S., Swierenga, S., Urban, M., Burks… Bohman, P. (2002). Constructing accessible web sites. Berkeley, CA: Peer Information Inc.
Editor
Gibbs, J. T., & Huang, L. N. (Eds.). (1991). Children of color: Psychological interventions with minority youth. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
No Author
Merriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary (11th ed.). (2005). Springfield, MA: Merriam Webster.
E-BOOK
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial. (Year of publication). Title of book . Retrieved from and use the homepage Web Address
Cohen, D.H., Stern, V. & Balaban, N. (1997). Observing and recording the behavior of young children. Retrieved from http://www.netlibrary.com/Reader/
ESSAY OR CHAPTER IN AN EDITED BOOK
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial. (Year of publication). Title of essay. In Editor’s First Name Initial Last Name (Ed.), Title of book (pages) . City, State of Publication: Publisher.
Labajo, J. (2003). Body and voice: The construction of gender in flamenco. In T. Magrini (Ed.), Music and gender: Perspectives from the Mediterranean (pp.67-86). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
BROCHURE
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial or Name of Organization. (Year). Brochure title [Brochure]. City, State of Publication: Publisher.
Research and Training Center on Independent Living. (1993). Guidelines for reporting and writing about people with disabilities [Brochure]. Lawrence, KS: Research and Training Center on Independent Living.
ONLINE
BROCHURE
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial or Name of Organization. (Year). Brochure title [Brochure]. Retrieved from Web address
First5 Oral Health. (2005). Healthy teeth begin at birth [Brochure]. Retrieved from http://www.first5oralhealth.org/page.asp?page_id=439
ARTICLE FROM AN ONLINE MAGAZINE
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial. (Date). Title of article. Title of Magazine. Volume number (issue number). Retrieved from Web address
Clay, R. (2008, June). Science vs. ideology: Psychologists fight back about the misuse of research. Monitor on psychology, 39(6). Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/monitor/
WEB PAGE
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial or Institution, Company, or Organization Responsible for the Web Page (Date). Title of article. Retrieved from Web address
National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (2008). Biofuels. Retrieved May 6, 2010, from http://www.nrel.gov/learning/re_biofuels.html
ENCYCLOPEDIA ARTICLE
Title of article (Date). In Editors Last Name, First Name initial (Ed.), Name of Encyclopedia (Volume, page numbers) City, State of Publication: Publisher.
Alcohol. (2005). In D. W. Jacobs (Ed.), World book encyclopedia (Vol. 1, pp. 334-335). Chicago, IL: World Book, Inc.
PRINT PERIODICAL
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial. (Date of publication). Title of essay. Title of Periodical , Volume number (issue number), pages.
Journal Article
Miklowitz, D., Alatiq, Y., Geddes, J., Goodwin, G., & Williams, J. (2010). Thought suppression in patients with bipolar disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 119(2), 355-365.
Magazine Article
Walsh, B. (2010, June 21). The climate war: True believers, power brokers, and the fight to save the earth. Time, 175(24), 22.
Newspaper Article
Meyerson, H. (2010, June 23). Centrist and clueless. The Washington Post, p. A17.
ONLINE DATABASES
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal , Volume number (issue number), pages. doi: and/or Retrieved from Name of database.
Journal Article with a doi
Harlé, K., Allen, J., & Sanfey, A. (2010). The impact of depression on social economic decision making. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 119(2), 440-446. doi:10.1037/a0018612 Retrieved from ProQuest Nursing Journal database.
Journal Article without a doi
Bouch, D. C., Thompson, J. P., & Damian, M. S. (2008). Post-cardiac arrest management: More than global cooling. BJA: The British Journal of Anaesthesia, 100(5), 591. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier database.
Magazine Article
Colvin, G. (2008, July 21). Information worth billions. Fortune, 158(2), 73-79. Retrieved from Business Source Premier database.
Newspaper Article
Gorman, S. (2010, May 27). The job nobody wants. Wall Street Journal – Eastern Edition, A3. Retrieved from Wall Street Journal database.
MOVIE
Producers Last Name, First Name initial (Producer), & Director’s Last Name, First Name initial (Director). (Year). Title of film [Motion picture]. Country of origin: Studio.
Pakula, A. (Producer), & Mulligan, R. (Director). (1991) To kill a mockingbird [Motion Picture]. United States: MCA/Universal.
PODCAST
Producers Last Name, First Name initial (Producer). (Date). Title [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from Web address
Moore, P. (Producer). (2010, April 8). Psychoanalysis in Ireland with Paul Moore [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from http://www.shrinkrapradio.com/
YOUTUBE
VIDEO
Screen Name (Date). Title of video [Video file]. Retrieved from Web address
peakdavid (2009, October 30). APA format citations-sixth edition [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9pbUoNa5tyY
If there is a conflict between these instructions and your professor’s instructions, always follow your professor’s instructions.Your professor is the person grading your paper.
