1. Discuss five possible threats to internal validity. How do these threats weaken a design?
2, Explain the meaning of nonresponse error. How can researchers reduce the potential for nonresponse error?
3. Name the four sources of error in measurement and provide an example for each.
4. There are several possible issues that may affect measurement questions. Discuss the possible effects of shared vocabulary, biased wording, and adequate alternatives on the quality of resulting data.
5. Explain the characteristics of a good measurement tool. Discuss how you will ensure that your survey instrument will display these characteristics.
6. Explain the researcher’s dilemma in deciding whether to use forced-choice rating scales or unforced-choice rating scales? What types of tactics can researchers use to minimize participant tendencies to avoid extreme judgments or choose extreme positions on a scale?
