Discuss how microorganisms can be genetically engineered for the remediation of environmental contaminants.

Biol 114; Spring 2017
Address each question, citing references at the end of each question, and using graphics as appropriate. You must limit your responses to 250 words max, providing sufficient supporting details for each question.

1. Discuss how microorganisms can be genetically engineered for the remediation of environmental contaminants.

2. The State of California and the EPA have issued Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for fecal indicator bacteria along Santa Monica Bay beaches (http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/losangeles/board_decisions/basin_plan_amendments/technical_documents/2002-022/04_0407/SMBBB%20TMDLs%20CSMP.pdf). What will be some challenges for municipalities in meeting these requirements?

3. What could be new advancements in prosthetics, and how might biomedical engineers and scientists team to develop this devise?

4. Below and on the next page are illustrations of grasscrete and vegetated swale installations. What is the strategy behind installing these structures? Compare and contrast the ecosystem services provided by these two biofiltration systems.
Grasscrete installation and cross-section of structure.
Vegetated swale and cross-section of structure.
5. Can wetlands be used as part of a sewage treatment system?

6. The Google Earth image on the next page is of the Bristol Farms Market, mini-mall, and parking area on the corner of Lincoln and Manchester Blvd’s. in Westchester. As an engineer with the City of L.A.’s Stormwater Management Division, what would you recommend as an LID project to mitigate runoff from this site? Keep in mind building code regulations for parking spaces.

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