Horizontal effect of the freedom to provide services
Essay questions
1) ‘Horizontal effect of the freedom to provide services is not defensible, because it
compromises business freedom of entrepreneurs as well as private organisations such as trade
unions’. Critically discuss this statement (which is not a quote from anywhere), referring to at
least one judgment of the Court of Justice and discussion in academic writing.
-Use the case of Laval and Viking
-Critically discuss the horizontal effect in both the cases
-freedom to provide services and freedom to establish
-you may refer to sweet and Maxwell European Union text book and several articles from
Professor Dagmar Shiek and others
