Identify the Industrial Revolution and explain its effects-History paper
The Industrial Revolution and Life in the North
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Key Terms
Industrial Revolution
spinning jenny
capital
capitalist
profit
factory system
demand
supply
scarcity
interchangeable parts
credit
Lowell girls
urbanization
telegraph
locomotive
clipper ships
artisans
trade unions
strike
famine
nativists
Know-Nothing party
discrimination
Academic Vocabulary
entrepreneur: a person who starts his own business
industry: the process of making products with machines in factories
immigrant: a person who enters a new country to settle there
innovation: a new way of making or doing things
Lesson Objectives
Identify the Industrial Revolution and explain its effects.
Explain the impact of the Industrial Revolution on cities.
Describe how technological changes affected the economy of the North.
Identify the impact of the Industrial Revolution on working conditions, social class, and daily life.
Describe the impact of immigration and attitudes toward immigrants and African Americans in the North.
The Industrial Revolution Begins: Text
1. Make Inferences How did capitalists influence the Industrial Revolution? What do you think would have happened to industrialization if capitalists had not recognized the potential for profit in the factory system? Use evidence from the text to support your answer.
2. Identify Cause and Effect How did farmers’ and miners’ response to scarcity of cotton and iron ore affect industrialization? How do you think the people’s standards of living would change if farmers and miners produced more? Use evidence from the text to support your answer.
Factories Come to America: Text
3. Identify Supporting Details Were Samuel Slater and Eli Whitney pioneers of early industry? Why or why not? Use evidence from the text to support your answer.
4. Determine Central Ideas How did both the War of 1812 and the physical characteristics of the environment contribute to northern industrialization? Use text evidence to support your response.
5. Draw Inferences How do you think entrepreneurs’ use of market forces affected low-wage workers? Use evidence from the text to support your answer.
Daily Life in Factory Towns: Text
6. Compare and Contrast Use the graphic organizer to compare the benefits and drawbacks of being a “Lowell girl.”
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7. Explain an Argument In the 1800s, most “people did not see much difference between children working in a factory or on a farm.” Explain their reasoning.
8. Draw Inferences As you read about the life in factory towns, what inference can you draw about the social challenges of low-income families during the 19th century?
Cities Expand: Text
9. Identify Supporting Details What details under “Hazards of Urbanization” support the idea that human modification of the environment has negative consequences?
New Technological Innovations: Text
10. Analyze Interactions How did technological advances affect people’s lives? Use evidence from the text to support your answer.
11. Determine Central Ideas How did communication systems impact the growth and development of the economy in the North?
The Age of Steam Power: Text
12. Identify Cause and Effect What was the effect of steam power on industrialization and urbanization?
Workers Respond to Challenges: Text
13. Analyze Interactions How did employers react to the labor reform movement as compared to their workers? Use evidence from the text to support your answer.
Ethnic Minorities in the North: Text
14. Identify Supporting Details How did religious and ethnic diversity contribute to discrimination against immigrants and African Americans in the North? Use evidence from the text to support your answer.
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