Is the temperature contrast between the Equator and the Arctic region greatest in the winter or summer?

Question
1. Is the temperature contrast between the Equator and the Arctic region greatest in the winter or summer?

2. Comparing the January map with the July map, describe one region of the world that exhibits a large annual temperature range (the difference between the January and July average temperatures):

3. What explains this large annual temperature range identified in question 2?

4. Describe one region of the world that exhibits a small annual temperature range.

5. What explains this small annual temperature range identified in questions 4?

6. What explains the different temperature patterns of St. Louis, Missouri and Oakland, California?

7. Why does St. Louis, Missouri have colder winters than Norfolk, Virginia?

8. What explains the difference in temperature patterns between Fairbanks, Alaska and St. Louis, Missouri?

9. Why does Lihue, Hawaii have a smaller annual temperature range than Oakland, California?
10.
Climate controls are important in determining the temperature and precipitation profile for any location on the surface of the Earth. For this question, you need to apply your knowledge of the controls to both St. Louis, Missouri and Singapore. Be sure to identify and explain how the following five climate controls impact temperature and precipitations at each location:

– Latitude
– Altitude
– Wind patterns and air masses
– Distribution of land and water (the land/water contrast)
– Ocean currents

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