Lab 6 – Virtual Machines

In the previous lab, virtual appliances were deployed on a hosted hypervisor and verified to be working properly. A virtual appliance is useful because it is preconfigured when deployed, saving the user time and sometimes complicated setup tasks. The operating system and any needed applications are typically installed with an easy way to perform initial configuration tasks. Often after the initial network configuration a virtual appliance is then managed, monitored, and accessed through a web configuration portal.In this lab, students will build a complete virtual machine from the ground up. Using a hosted hypervisor (VMware Workstation, VMware Fusion, Sun Virtualbox, etc…) install an operating system in a new virtual machine. The selection of the operating system is the choice of the student, however, it might be advantageous to select an OS with low resource requirements. There are several distributions of Linux that are advertised to have lower hardware requirements and might be a good solution.The initial installation of the operating system of the virtual machine will typically begin with an ISO image file of an OS installation disc. An ISO file can be burned to a bootable CD, DVD, flash drive or be mounted directly in an OS or with special drive emulator tools.
When creating a virtual machine, the initial hardware configuration should include the OS install ISO as the virtual CD-ROM drive for the VM. Most of the more recent hosted hypervisors have a useful feature that can determine the operating system being installed once the ISO is selected and then properly configure the virtual hardware settings based on OS hardware specifications. Some hypervisors will require the use manually specify virtual hardware to allocate to the VM including CPUs, RAM, hard disk, etc…
Once the virtual machine settings are selected powering on the virtual machine should start the VM booting from the OS install ISO. OS installation should then proceed as on a physical machine.
1. What OS was chosen and why was it selected? What are the minimal required hardware specifications? Provide a link to a web page that indicates these specifications.
2. Provide a screenshot showing the virtual machine’s provisioned virtual hardware.
3. Provide screenshots showing the steps required to create the virtual machine. It is not necessary to show operating system installation steps.
4. Provide a screenshot showing the virtual machine after operating system installation was successful.
5. Virtual machines on hosted hypervisors can typically be configured with network adapters that are associated with one of several “modes”: bridged, NAT, and host only are three examples commonly used in VMware hosted hypervisors. Briefly describe each of these three NIC configuration modes.
6. From the base OS installation that is complete, a virtual appliance could be created by installing selected applications, performing desired configurations, and then exported to an OVA or OVF. Export the created VM to an OVA or OVF, whichever the hypervisor supports. Show a screenshot of the host OS’s file manager with the filename and full details displayed of the exported VM.
7. Deploy the exported VM into the hosted hypervisor. This effectively will create a duplicate virtual machine of the one that was just built during this lab. Show a screenshot of the MAC addresses being displayed within both VMs. Are they the same or are they unique? Why?

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