nursing

nursingOrder Description
Hi,
I want 300 words of essay The topic is
Caring of patient with intra iortic ballon pump(IABP).please do not use any of this wording as follows,it has to be different from the one I pasted here.DO NOT REPEAT
THE SAME TO another 300 words.I will upload feww of resources.then use 300 words of nursing care which is not mentioned here.
Again do not use any od these words as it is the criteria for this essay.
The intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a circulatory assist device that is mainly used in patients with a low cardiac output to decrease myocardial oxygen demand
(Currey & Graan 2012). This response will discuss the principles of IABP therapy, the indications for use, as well as nursing care and management.
Please see uploaded resources,if ytou want ,need citation every idea and references too.Otherwise you are not meeting the criteria and I wont be accepting the work

The aim of IABP counterpulsation is to increase diastolic blood pressure and coronary artery perfusion, whilst decreasing myocardial oxygen demand and left ventricular
after load. As a result of this, mean arterial pressure may improve, as well as organ perfusion (Ihdayhid, Chopra & Rankin 2014). The balloon is inflated with helium
during the diastole phase of the cardiac cycle and deflated just before systole. The inflation of the balloon initiates a rise in mean arterial pressure during
diastole, which improves blood flow to the coronary arteries. The balloon remains inflated during diastole and then must be rapidly deflated prior to systole in order
to enable emptying of the left ventricle (Currey & Graan 2012). The IAB inflation and deflation can be timed through a trigger that can predict the opening and closing
of the aortic valve. The electrocardiogram (ECG) trigger is preferred as the R wave is the most accurate reference of the onset of ventricular systole and the opening
of the aortic valve (Lewis, Ward & Courtney 2009).

The IABP was first developed to treat patients in cardiogenic shock, but as a result of continued research, availability of the technology and ease of catheter
insertion, the indications for use has increased (Reid and Cottrell 2005). IABP counterpulsation is used prophylactically in patients under going high-risk coronary
artery bypass graft surgery with low cardiac output and left ventricular dysfunction (Ihdayhid, Chopra & Rankin 2014). The IABP is often inserted preoperatively and
supports the patient haemodynamically during weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. As well as this, IABP is often utilised in patients undergoing procedures such as
angiography and before and after heart transplantation (Reid & Cottrell 2005). IABP is often used to treat patients experiencing an acute myocardial infarction
(without shock) or unstable angina in order to relieve myocardial ischaemia (Reid & Cottrell 2005).

Patients receiving IABP therapy require specialised nursing management and care in order to minimise complications (Reid & Cottrell 2005). Limb ischaemia is one of the
main complications of IABP therapy, and as such it is important for nurses to identify patients at risk (i.e. peripheral vascular disease) and perform a complete
peripheral vascular assessment when caring for them. The most common causes of limb ischaemia are obstruction of the artery by the catheter and thrombus formation.
Nurses should assess the patients peripheral perfusion hourly in order to identify deficits (Currey & Graan 2012). The colour of the patients skin and temperature must
be assessed, looking for indications of poor perfusion such as cyanosis, mottling and coolness (Reid & Cottrell 2005). As well as this, the dorsalis pedis and
posterior tibialis pulses should be palpated (a doppler may be required if the pulses cant not be palpated) and bilateral capillary refill should be documented (Currey
& Graan 2012).

It is essential that the nurse inspects the catheter regularly for specks of blood as this can indicate balloon rupture. If the balloon ruptures, immediate removal or
replacement of the catheter is crucial (Reid & Cottrell 2005). As well as blood in the catheter, the gas loss alarm on the device can determine if the balloon has
ruptured (Currey & Graan 2012). The femoral artery access site and coagulation status should be monitored by the nurse as bleeding is another complication of the IABP
(Currey & Graan 2012). Thrombocytopenia due to anticoagulation in patients requiring IABP therapy increases the risk of bleeding. Haemoglobin level, platelets and
prothrombin time need to be monitored closely as the patient may require blood products (Reid & Cottrell 2005).

Patients with an IABP are at risk of skin breakdown as a result of their restricted mobility and alteration in tissue perfusion (Reid & Cottrell 2005). As such,
adequate pressure area care is essential. When positioning these patients, it is important to prevent any kinking of the catheter through log rolling and foam wedges
or pillows to hold the body in alignment (Vollman 2012). Finally, the patient and their family should be educated about the device, the limitations they will
experience, as well as complications that could occur. Providing this education may reduce their anxiety and increase their compliance (Reid & Cottrell 2005).
Order Description
Hi,
I want 300 words of essay The topic is
Caring of patient with intra iortic ballon pump(IABP).please do not use any of this wording as follows,it has to be different from the one I pasted here.DO NOT REPEAT
THE SAME TO another 300 words.I will upload feww of resources.then use 300 words of nursing care which is not mentioned here.
Again do not use any od these words as it is the criteria for this essay.
The intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a circulatory assist device that is mainly used in patients with a low cardiac output to decrease myocardial oxygen demand
(Currey & Graan 2012). This response will discuss the principles of IABP therapy, the indications for use, as well as nursing care and management.
Please see uploaded resources,if ytou want ,need citation every idea and references too.Otherwise you are not meeting the criteria and I wont be accepting the work

The aim of IABP counterpulsation is to increase diastolic blood pressure and coronary artery perfusion, whilst decreasing myocardial oxygen demand and left ventricular
after load. As a result of this, mean arterial pressure may improve, as well as organ perfusion (Ihdayhid, Chopra & Rankin 2014). The balloon is inflated with helium
during the diastole phase of the cardiac cycle and deflated just before systole. The inflation of the balloon initiates a rise in mean arterial pressure during
diastole, which improves blood flow to the coronary arteries. The balloon remains inflated during diastole and then must be rapidly deflated prior to systole in order
to enable emptying of the left ventricle (Currey & Graan 2012). The IAB inflation and deflation can be timed through a trigger that can predict the opening and closing
of the aortic valve. The electrocardiogram (ECG) trigger is preferred as the R wave is the most accurate reference of the onset of ventricular systole and the opening
of the aortic valve (Lewis, Ward & Courtney 2009).

The IABP was first developed to treat patients in cardiogenic shock, but as a result of continued research, availability of the technology and ease of catheter
insertion, the indications for use has increased (Reid and Cottrell 2005). IABP counterpulsation is used prophylactically in patients under going high-risk coronary
artery bypass graft surgery with low cardiac output and left ventricular dysfunction (Ihdayhid, Chopra & Rankin 2014). The IABP is often inserted preoperatively and
supports the patient haemodynamically during weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. As well as this, IABP is often utilised in patients undergoing procedures such as
angiography and before and after heart transplantation (Reid & Cottrell 2005). IABP is often used to treat patients experiencing an acute myocardial infarction
(without shock) or unstable angina in order to relieve myocardial ischaemia (Reid & Cottrell 2005).

Patients receiving IABP therapy require specialised nursing management and care in order to minimise complications (Reid & Cottrell 2005). Limb ischaemia is one of the
main complications of IABP therapy, and as such it is important for nurses to identify patients at risk (i.e. peripheral vascular disease) and perform a complete
peripheral vascular assessment when caring for them. The most common causes of limb ischaemia are obstruction of the artery by the catheter and thrombus formation.
Nurses should assess the patients peripheral perfusion hourly in order to identify deficits (Currey & Graan 2012). The colour of the patients skin and temperature must
be assessed, looking for indications of poor perfusion such as cyanosis, mottling and coolness (Reid & Cottrell 2005). As well as this, the dorsalis pedis and
posterior tibialis pulses should be palpated (a doppler may be required if the pulses cant not be palpated) and bilateral capillary refill should be documented (Currey
& Graan 2012).

It is essential that the nurse inspects the catheter regularly for specks of blood as this can indicate balloon rupture. If the balloon ruptures, immediate removal or
replacement of the catheter is crucial (Reid & Cottrell 2005). As well as blood in the catheter, the gas loss alarm on the device can determine if the balloon has
ruptured (Currey & Graan 2012). The femoral artery access site and coagulation status should be monitored by the nurse as bleeding is another complication of the IABP
(Currey & Graan 2012). Thrombocytopenia due to anticoagulation in patients requiring IABP therapy increases the risk of bleeding. Haemoglobin level, platelets and
prothrombin time need to be monitored closely as the patient may require blood products (Reid & Cottrell 2005).

Patients with an IABP are at risk of skin breakdown as a result of their restricted mobility and alteration in tissue perfusion (Reid & Cottrell 2005). As such,
adequate pressure area care is essential. When positioning these patients, it is important to prevent any kinking of the catheter through log rolling and foam wedges
or pillows to hold the body in alignment (Vollman 2012). Finally, the patient and their family should be educated about the device, the limitations they will
experience, as well as complications that could occur. Providing this education may reduce their anxiety and increase their compliance (Reid & Cottrell 2005).

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