Nutrition and Pregnancy
Use the Chapter 14 presentation and your textbook to complete the following statements/questions.
1. Once conception occurs, vital organs are developed in the first _________ weeks.
2. The _________________ secretes hormones, transfers hormones, transfers nutrients and oxygen form the mother’s blood to the fetus.
3. Neural tube defects include anencephaly and spina bifida. The vitamin _________________ is critical during pregnancy to reduce the risk of these defects. Women who are capable of becoming pregnant need __________ mcg/day.
4. A normal weight women should gain ____________ pounds during pregnancy. Of this weight, only ________ pounds are maternal fat.
5. A normal weight woman needs an extra _____________ calories/day during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.
6. A complication of pregnancy which is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and excretion of protein in the urine is called _________________.
7. A syndrome of nausea and vomiting that occurs in the first few months of pregnancy is known as ____________________________.
8. Pica is the practice/habit of eating _______________ substances.
9. Pregnant women should avoid consuming more than _________ mg of caffeine per day.
10. Consumption of alcohol during pregnancy can cause _____________________________.
11. Smoking during pregnancy can lead to _____________________ and/or ________________________.
12. Calcium absorption _________________ during pregnancy due to the rise in _______________ and increased concentration of active __________________ in the blood.
13. Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of ______________________.
14. During the first 6 months of lactation, the mother needs an additional ____________ calories per day and an additional ______________ per day during the second 6 months.
