A standard man climbs 12 m up a vertical rope. How much energy (in cal) is dissipated as heat in a single climb if 21% of the total energy required is used to do the work? In calories.(Assume the standard man has a mass of 70 kg.)
Watt used brewery horses to spin the stirrer in the experiment with which he measured the work output of horses, and Joule later applied this experiment to demonstrate the equivalence of heat and work. Assume that Watt’s brewery horses each did P = 750 J/s of work per second (this corresponds roughly to the definition of horsepower). If Watt had three horses moving in a circle for two hours to operate a stirrer in a well-isolated container filled with 1 m3 water at an initial temperature of 29°C, to what final value did the water temperature rise (in °C)?
Water at the top of Niagara Falls has a temperature of +18.9°C. It falls a distance of 50 m. Assuming that all its potential energy is converted into thermal energy, calculate the temperature of the water at the bottom of the falls. (Enter your answer in °C accurate to at least three significant figures.)
233 g of water at 22°C is contained in an aluminum container of mass 297 g. An additional 134 g of water at 100°C is added. What is the final equilibrium temperature (in degrees C) if we treat the system’s water and container as isolated?
Use the following data to determine the maximum rate at which a standard man can climb a mountain: Blood contains 15.2 wt% hemoglobin (with molecular weight 65,000 g/mol). Each hemoglobin molecule can carry four oxygen molecules. The heart pumps 120 cm3/s blood of density 1.06 g/cm3. Each oxygen molecule can oxidize one sugar unit (the chemical formula per sugar unit is CH2O, which is an organic alcohol group) to CO2 and H2O; the oxidation of 1 g sugar yields about 17 kJ of energy, of which 25% can be used to do muscle work. (Assume the climber has a mass of 61 kg.)
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