research proposal for applying the PhD programme

research proposal for applying the PhD programme in Queen’s University Belfast
http://www.qub.ac.uk/home/StudyatQueens/CourseFinder/PCF1617/PRCF1617/?sn=1617&subjects=X&rp_id=625&button1=Go%21

Mingming Liu
Research Proposal of Development Economics and Policy
Introduction
Having cleared the Bachelor of Arts in Economics last year (2015) at the University of Arizona, I have a great interest to pursue further studies in the field of economics. My major course was economics while my minorclasses were Japanese and Business Administration. I have worked in a busy office setting between September 2008 and February 2011 at the Jiandi Building Decoration Co. Ltd in Shanghai, China. My duties at the center included arranging documents and helping the manager in the prioritization of tasks and planning.
I have basic training in statistics, econometrics, macroeconomics and microeconomics. These courses have exposed me to significant experiences and understanding of economic issues. I also have some knowledge in business administration, accounting and information management, which will help me in my economic studies. My interests are sports, travelling and reading. Another extra-curricular activity that I have engaged in is MIS Preceptorship in University of Arizona, from August to December 2013.

The Research Area Group for Affiliation
A program for the first-year entry accompanies a research degree in economics from the University of Manchester. A proposal ought to be developed to enhance understanding of the candidate’s interest in the course and find out the motivation towards studying the same. The research area group that I prefer to be affiliated would be the development of underdeveloped countries, which can be studied in the field of Development Economics and Policy. Development issues have been widely covered by the researchers at the Manchester University (Leeson, 2014). However, the area of development and poverty has not been exploited enough. I would, therefore,majoron this area and try to assess as much as possible in order to understand more about the degree I want to pursue.
Developing countries, especially those countries in Africa have higher rates of poverty in the world as compared to developed countries such as US, Germany, Japan, and others. To eradicate or alleviate poverty, development is very necessary. Therefore, development is the solution to poverty eradication and alleviation. Poverty can be felt the most in the rural areas in developing countries than it can be felt in the cities. Some of the causes of poverty in urban areas in a majority of the developing countries include; unsafe houses, pollution and overcrowding in slums.
Poverty measurement is very critical in the instance of development introduction. For development to take effect, there should be some measurable improvements. A poverty line should be set through the introduction of family survival rate on a monthly basis. Those living in poverty are said to be below the threshold level. These are people whose monthly income is below average. The income gap can also be used to measure poverty. This would indicate the depth of poverty by illustrating how far a family may fall below the poverty line.
Development and poverty are, therefore, interrelated in some ways. For sustained economic growth to be realized in a country there ought to be a comprehensive way of dealing with poverty. This is because poverty can hinder development in many ways. Poor health of the population, for instance, can increase the amount of money spent in hospitals for healthcare (Leeson, 2014). A lot of revenue can be spent in dealing with poverty other than it being used in other development projects.
China and India, for instance, are among the developing countries. The development of such countries has been affected by the high poverty levels. The amount of money spent in dealing with disease treatment and construction of better housing for the poor have slowed the rate of expansion. It can also be realized that there are cases where the largest percentage of the revenue for the two countries in the past decade was spent on poverty eradication and alleviation. Development has, therefore, been dragged down by poverty (Stiglitz, 2015).

Proposed Supervisors
The staff that I would like to provide for my supervision includes Xiaobing Wang, Alejandro Saporiti and Adam Ozanne. These staff members have particular interests. Each one of them holds his or her specification together with affected areas for supervision. I am going to describe each one of them below.
Xiaobing Wang
Xiaobing is a Chinese supervisor and is responsible for students’ applications for those interested in the field of growth, development and economics, especially those who would like to pursue doctorate studies. Wang supervises both empirical and theoretical work. For the theoretical work, some of the topics of interest include population growth, technological change in the long run, dual economic models, economic development in the long run and structural change. For the empirical work, Wang is interested in the following: rural sector, welfare of the Chinese residence, urban-rural divide and inequality, integration and segmentation of the labor market in China.
Dr. Alejandro Saporiti
Dr. Alejandro Saporiti is a senior lecturer at Manchester University in the school of Social Sciences. At the economics department, he is the Postgraduate Research Director. Dr. Alejandro has an excellent history of studies in the field of economics. He joined the Manchester University in 2008. He has specialized in the social political economy in game theory and microeconomic theory. Currently, he has research centers dealing with experimental and formal models, which belong to the voting mechanism and electoral competition. Dr. Alejandro has published international journals, which includes Theoretical Economics, Economic Theory, Economic behavior, Games, and Economic Theory. He is, therefore, a very qualified researcher and a senior lecturer at the University.
Adam Ozanne
Adam is a BA Economics Director and a Senior lecturer at the University of Manchester. He has done research in agricultural production and economics, neoclassical economics neglecting of power, new technology adoption in underdeveloped countries, agricultural development, asymmetric information and agro-environmental policy. Currently, he works on papers concerning vulnerability and poverty in rural China, Ethiopian grain market and brokers role, neoclassical economics and power neglecting. Adams has many publications in the field of agriculture and economics. He has a great interest in supervision. And he has helped many PHD students, who work in the less developed countries.
Description of the eventual area for research proposal
A recommendable poverty reduction and sustained growth has been witnessed over the past years in developing countries such as India and China. Although they face inequality regarding the economic growth, the two countries are influenced by the economic policy. India, for instance, has realized a significant increase in the development sector. As a result, the economic growth in India has increased and poverty reduction improved. There is a great concentration of people in the weak states. The government gathers these people and gives them jobs (Stiglitz, 2015).
On the other hand, the China government is improving year by year. Poverty reduction and alleviation programs have been set in place to reduce the number of cases of poverty in the country. The result of this has seen China improving in terms of development. Good infrastructure is in place with citizens being able to work together to improve the economy. Significant improvements have also been realized in the political sector, where most politics is based on the rule of poverty reduction and personal development (Srinivasan, 2013).
The research questions to be answered by the proposal includes
(a) Whether there is a relationship between poverty and development,
(b) Whether there are cases of India’s and China’s poverty levels, proposed solutions for the alleviation and reduction of poverty
(c) And whether there are any challenges in dealing with poverty in China and India. These research questions are fascinating and relevant to the field of economics in some ways (Srinivasan, 2013). It can, for instance, bring out clarity concerning the relationship that exists between poverty and development; hence helping the countries to know where specifically they can touch on to improve their lives.
Conclusion
The level of poverty is still an issue of concern in the 21st century. Surprisingly, developing countries are faced with the challenge of eradicating poverty in the society. Poverty can destroy the sustainable economic growth of a country. China and India have strived towards the alleviation of poverty through all the means possible. Policy can influence the economy of a country in some ways. Inequality ought to be eradicated and poverty levels gotten rid of in order to develop the countries in today’s economy.

References
Adam Ozanne. (2015). Economics postgraduate research. School of Social Sciences.
http://www.socialsciences.manchester.ac.uk/subjects/economics/postgraduate-research/phd-areas/adam-ozanne/)
Dr. Alejandro Saporiti. (2014). Staff profile. Retrieved from
http://staffprofiles.humanities.manchester.ac.uk/Profile.aspx?Id=Alejandro.Saporiti
Leeson, P. F. and Nixson, F. I. (2014) Development economics in the Department of Economics
at The University Of Manchester Journal Of Economic Studies. Glasgow Vol. 31, Iss. 1; p. 6
Srinivasan, T. N., & Tendulkar, S. D. (2013). Reintegrating India with the world economy. Peterson Institute Press: All Books.
Stiglitz, J. E. (2015). Capital market liberalization, economic growth, and instability. World development, 28(6), 1075-1086.
Xiobing Wang. (2015). Social Sciences. Retrieved from
http://www.socialsciences.manchester.ac.uk/subjects/economics/postgraduate-research/phd-areas/xiaobing-wang/

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