research proposol and annotated bibliography
research prosposol and annotated bibliography document. You have to follow the example that ihave attached and follow the format but replace it with the content you have wrote for the goverment- jefferson.
Aize Li
Professor Nolan
ENG 1A
8 May 2017
Research Proposal & Annotated Bibliography
A. Research Proposal
Topic: Totalitarianism
Narrowed Topic: Manipulation methods of totalitarianism
Issue: The effect of manipulationmethods on people
Research: How has the effect of manipulation methods physically and mentally affected people?
Hypothesis:Manipulation methods seem to have a physically and mentally negative influence on people.
B. Annotated Bibliography
First Entry
Jacobus, Lee A. A World of Ideas: Essential Readings for College Writers. 10th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2017. Print, pp.161-169
In this book, Hannah mainly talks about the mechanics of totalitarian movements, focusing on Nazi Germany and Communist Russia. Hannah shows how a totalitarian government manipulate its citizen. This source is a general statement and a pave for the following argument. The author, Hannah Arendt was a German-born Jewish American political theorist and philosopher. Hannah Arendt experienced a lot of cultures so there is little chance to be bias. The book was published in 1951.
Second Entry
PETRE, Silviu Valentin. “The Hill and Knowlton Affair and the Marketization of the First Gulf War. A Polanyian Perspective.” Scientific Research & Education in the Air Force – AFASES, vol. 2, July 2016, pp. 635-647.
In this scholarly journal, the author mainly talks about the first gulf war was a typical case of manipulation. Hill and Knowlton, one of the biggest advertising brands faked many testimonies to gain legitimacy to start war. Also, it affects the way that public see through this war. This article can help me to argue the negative effects of manipulation. Silviu Valentin is an independent researcher from Romania. His nationality may be the source of bias because Romania was dominated by USSR. The article was published last year
Third Entry
de Ruyter, Doret J. and Jan W. Steutel. “The Promotion of Moral Ideals in Schools; What the State May or May Not Demand.” Journal of Moral Education, vol. 42, no. 2, June 2013, pp. 177-192.
In this scholarly journal, authors main discuss moral education that the state requires schools to offer now is a contention. Also, this article talks about whether a state can force students to learn moral education in school and school to teach moral education to students. This article also states that reasonable citizens will not accept that state obligates schools to educate moral ideals.This article can help me argue strongly that it is still wrong to use manipulation techniques even to educate good things. Both authors are faculty members of Vrieje University in Holland. Because they work for university, the vocation may be a source of bias. The article was published only 3 years ago.
Fourth Entry
Dimitrov, Martin K. and Joseph Sassoon. “State Security, Information, and Repression.” Journal of Cold War Studies, vol. 16, no. 2, Spring2014, pp. 3-31.
In this scholarly journal, the author compares the state security agencies of Communist-era Bulgaria, the Durzhavna sigurnost (DS), and Ba’th Party Iraq, the Special Security Organization (SSO), as totalitarian aspects of single-party autocracies. Topics include Stalinist aspects of both autocracies, the use of information control in relation to repression, and the views of Iraqi political leader Saddam Hussein on the SSO. This article can be another strong example of manipulation techniques, which differs from previous methods. Martin K. Dimitrov is an Associate Professor of Political Science at Tulane University. He is also an associate at the Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies at Harvard University and a research fellow at the East Asian Legal Studies Program at Harvard Law School so this article can be credential and unbiased. The article was published in 2014.
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Government-Jefferson
The declaration of independence
The American Revolution and the War for Independence are commonly confused by most people. George H. Smith suggests that the war of independence was never part of the American Revolution, but rather it was the effects of revolution. Revolution was embedded in the minds of the people prior to the war (Smith). The aftermath of the War was the independence of Africa from the colonialist. However, the independence would not have been possible if not because of the declaration. Currently one of the most influential documents, the declaration of independence has been one of the most important document in America. According to Gabrielle Brannigan, since its formulation, the declaration of independence has become one of the most cited document by rebellions, movements and other revolutions. For instance, it was used by Abraham Lincoln in his speech at Gettysburg during the civil war in 1863.
The origin of the document can be traced to the Second Continental Congress which was convened in Philadelphia in 1775. In the convention, it was clear that the delegates were ready to pass a resolution to that would it enable America to pathways with Great Britain. To persuade the colonialists, the delegates felt that it was necessary to articulate the reasons why America wanted to separate. This led to the formation of a committee tasked with drafting the resolutions of the congress. The members of the committee included Benjamin Franklin, who was representing Pennsylvania; Thomas Jefferson, who was representing Virginia; John Adams, who was representing Massachusetts; Roger Livingston, who was representing New York; and Roger Sherman who was representing Connecticut. The committee then entrusted Thomas Jefferson with the drafting of the message. The main reason why he was given the responsibility of drafting the declaration by the congress was due to his excellent writing skills. After some few additions and adjustments, Jefferson’s draft was adopted by the congress in 4th July 1776.
The adopted document was more than a merestatement of intention to cut political ties with Great Britain. It was a thoroughly crafted argument that justified that intention. In the document, the Founders presentedset of arguments for armed revolution, a course which they took with full awareness of the consequences. This is shown by the conclusion of the document, where they state that they pledge with each other’s Lives, Fortunes and sacred Honor. This meant that if their course was to fail, they were liable of treason, which meant that they would be punished by hanging.
Parts of the declaration
Looking at the document, it is clear that it has four main parts, which include the preamble, declaration of natural rights, grievances and declaration of independence. The preamble section of the declaration of independence articulates the reasons why the congress drew the declaration. In the part of the declaration document, the preamble states;
“When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the Powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature’s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation”.
The second part of the declaration states the natural rights of human being. According to the document, human beings have certain basics rights that every government needs to protect. This part of the declaration was heavily influenced by John Locke’s ideas. John Locke had argued that a government is based on people’s consent and that it was the rights of the people to rebel against the government if it fails to uphold their right to liberty, lifeand property. When stating the natural rights, the document states;
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness”
The grievances section list the grievances that the colonists had against had against the colonial government. In particular, the document singles out King George III for the blame. In some part of the document, the colonists states;
“The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations…”
The last part of the declaration, the congress declared their independence from Britain. According to the declaration, the forefathers declared to;
“solemnly publish and declare, That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as Free and Independent States, they have full Power to levy War, conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all other Acts and Things which Independent States may of right do”
The significance of the declaration of independence
The declaration of independence was very significant. First, it freed the initial thirteen colonies from British rule. Unjust taxation and tyrannical rule was a characterized feature of the British rule in these colonies. By signing the declaration, the congress helped these thirteen to establish independence. Moreover, by signing the declaration, the congress assisted in the recognition of United State as a new nation that is capable of functioning independently from Britain.
Another importance of the declaration of the independence is that it granted important to rights to the majority of the colonists. The colonial British government had ignored most rights of the colonists. The American Revolution was mainly due to attempts by the colonists to seek their natural rights. These rights, according to them, included the right to life, property and liberty. By signing the declaration of independence, the congress ensured that these rights are granted to them at last. Moreover, the signing of
The third importance of the declaration of independence is that it ushered in a new era of politics. The declaration of independence indicated that the United States would break ties with Britain and forge new alliances with other countries like France.
Works Cited
Bernstein, R. B. “Thomas Jefferson and Constitutionalism.” A Companion to Thomas Jefferson, 2012, pp. 419-438.
David, Armitage. “The Declaration of Independence in Global Perspective.” The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History, www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/road-revolution/essays/declaration-independence-global-perspective.
“Declaration of Independence.” U.S. Constitution A to Z,
Gabrielle, Brannigan. “An Analysis of the Declaration of Independence.” Digital Commons @Brockport | The College at Brockport: State University of New York Research, 2014, digitalcommons.brockport.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1089&context=honors.
History.com Staff. “Writing of Declaration of Independence – American Revolution.” HISTORY.com, 2010, www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/writing-of-declaration-of-independence.
Jeffrey, Rosen, and David Rubenstein. “Why Did Jefferson Draft the Declaration of Independence? – National Constitution Center.” National Constitution Center – Constitutioncenter.org, 2015, constitutioncenter.org/blog/why-did-jefferson-draft-the-declaration-of-independence.
Library of Congress. “Jeffersonian Ideology [ushistory.org].” US History, www.ushistory.org/us/20b.asp.
Library of congress. “Declaration of Independence: Right to Institute New Government | Exhibitions – Library of Congress.” Home | Library of Congress, www.loc.gov/exhibits/jefferson/jeffdec.html.
Smith, George H. “Thomas Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence.” Libertarianism.org, www.libertarianism.org/guides/lectures/thomas-jefferson-declaration-independence.
