Statistics using SPSS
There are 3 assignments in this project that will need the use of the SPSS program. 2 take home exams and 1 paper to write. The excel spreadsheet goes with the take home exam #3.
PSY 530 Take Home Exam #2
1. The graphs below show different possible outcomes from a study in which two types of training (method A, method B) were compared. The graphs show test score pre and post training for the two groups.
Graph 1
Graph 2
Graph 3
Graph 4
Answer the following questions related to these graphs:
i. What would be the appropriate statistical analysis to use to analyze the data from this hypothetical study
ii. For each of the 4 graphs decide whether which of the following effects appears to be significant: main effect of training group, main effect of test phase (pre-post), group x phase interaction
iii. In order to be really sure whether or not there were significant differences in the data what should be included in the graphs that is missing?
2. An experimenter is interested in how attention affects golf putting performance. In the study, 20 golfers (10 novices and 10 experts) are used as participants. All golfers putt under two conditions (a “crowd” attention focus condition in which they must listen for a sound spoken by one of the spectators and a “club” attention focus condition in which they must make a judgement about the angle of their clubhead while putting). All golfers make putts from 3 different distances (short, medium and long). The table below shows the putting errors (i.e., the distance from the ball to the hole) for the different conditions
Novices
Crowd Club
Participant short medium long short medium long
1 13 15 15 8 9 11
2 7 13 11 12 12 14
3 7 15 20 9 9 14
4 6 10 15 12 9 13
5 11 17 16 8 9 12
6 10 10 18 7 13 11
7 10 15 16 9 11 12
8 12 14 15 7 10 9
9 10 11 10 10 13 10
10 13 8 19 8 12 14
Experts
Crowd Club
Participant short medium long short medium long
1 5 4 8 9 11 15
2 9 4 9 6 13 15
3 9 2 7 7 10 12
4 2 5 5 6 11 17
5 4 7 8 9 8 14
6 9 8 9 5 13 16
7 5 7 5 6 11 12
8 2 8 6 10 7 14
9 5 8 9 9 11 9
10 2 4 3 11 14 10
Answer the following questions about this data set (making sure to include the outputs from all statistical tests you run).
a) What are the independent and dependent variables in this study?
b) Using the standard notation (i.e., ?x? ANOVA with ? as between….) write out the design for this study
c) Test whether the assumptions of ANOVA are met for this data set.
d) Run the appropriate ANOVA to analyze this data
e) If significance is found run appropriate simple effects analyses and post-hoc tests to break down the effect.
f) Write a results section for this study in a format appropriate for a journal article. Be sure to include a figure of the results.
Sex Height LeftArm RtArm LeftFoot RtFoot LeftHand RtHand HeadCirc Nose
Male 69 25.5 25.5 27 26.5 9.5 9 58.5 5.5
Male 79 28 25 29 27.5 9 9 54 5
Male 75 27 27.5 31 32 3.8 3.8 62.5 5
Male 69 25 25.5 25.5 25.5 10 8 58.5 5.5
Male 65 25 25 23.5 23 9.5 9.4 57 4.4
Male 79 30.5 30.5 28 28 8.5 8.5 58.5 4.5
Male 72 26.5 26.5 28.5 28.5 9.5 9.5 60.5 4.2
Male 69.5 26.5 27 27 27 10 10.5 58.5 5
Male 73 28 28.4 30.6 31.4 8.5 8.9 57.4 6.4
Male 71.5 28.6 28.1 27.4 28.5 9.8 9.4 56.5 4.1
Male 69.5 27 27 27 27 9 9 58.5 5
Male 73 23 23 28.5 27.5 8.5 9 59.5 5
Male 71 28 27 29 27 8 8 59 6
Male 74 28 27 29 30 10 10 58.5 5
Male 75 31 28 28 29 8.1 8.4 59 6
Male 71 23.5 23 27 27.5 9.5 10 57 5.5
Male 72 28.5 28 26.5 27.5 11.5 11.5 58 6.5
Male 66 24 25 25.5 26 8 8.5 57 5
Male 71 26 26 29 28 9 9 55 5
Male 67 25.5 25.5 27.2 27 7.7 7.7 54 5.5
Male 71 29.5 28.5 29 28.5 9 9.5 57.5 5.5
Male 72 25.5 25 28 28 9.5 9.5 56 5.3
Male 72 25 26 28.5 29 8.5 9 61 4.5
Male 73.5 26 28.5 29 30 9.5 9.9 62 5
Male 73 30 29 23.5 24 9 9.5 58 6
Female 62 22.5 23 21.5 21 8.3 7.3 56.5 5.1
Female 66 24 25 24 25 8.5 8.5 53 6
Female 64.5 22.5 21.5 23.3 23 7.5 7.5 56 4
Female 64.5 24.5 24.5 25 25.5 8 8 55 5
Female 67 25 25 25.5 25 8 8 57 6.5
Female 72 28 28 26.2 25.7 9.1 8.5 56.5 4.3
Female 64 24 23.5 23.5 23.5 7.5 7 54 4.5
Female 69 28 25.5 26.5 26 7.5 7.5 58 4.5
Female 63 22 22 24 25 7 7 53 4
Female 64 24 24 21 21 7 7 56 5
Female 67 26 27 22 22 7.5 7.2 54 4
Female 63 25 26.5 24 23 7 6.5 54.5 5
Female 67 23 23 23 23 6.5 6.5 56 5
Female 66 25.5 25.5 24 25.5 9.5 10 54 4
Female 66 25.5 25.5 23 23 7 7 55.9 5
Female 64 23.5 24 22 22.6 7.6 7.5 58.2 4.9
Female 67 23.3 24 24.5 23.5 8.2 8.2 56 4.7
Female 71 25.5 28 25.5 28 7.5 8.5 58 5
Female 65 23.5 23 24 23.5 7.6 7.6 58 5
Female 68 25 25 25 24.5 8 8 56 4.5
Female 61.5 23 23 23 24 8 8.5 56 4.5
Female 62 23.5 23.5 23.5 23 8 8 57 4.5
Female 62.5 24 24 24 24 7 7 61 4
Female 68 25.5 25 25.5 25 10 9 53.5 4
Female 65 22.5 23 22.9 23.2 7.5 7.4 57 4.5
Female 61 22.2 22.2 22 22.2 6.9 6.9 55.2 4.7
Female 63 23 23 24 23 7.5 8 53 5
Female 71 25.5 28 25.5 28 7.5 7.5 54.5 5
Female 68 24.5 24.5 24.5 25.5 7 6.5 57.8 4.5
Female 62 26 26 23 23 6 6 56 5
PSY 330 Take Home Exam #3
1. An ergonomist has collected a set of anthropometric data on a set of 25 men and 30 women (see the data set in the attached excel file).
a. Run correlational analyses (separately for males and females) to determine which variables are significantly related to each other.
b. Run stepwise regression analyses (separately for males and females) to determine which variables best predict height. Be sure to include the regression equation and the amount of variance explained. Which single variable in your regression equation explains the most variance?
c. Write up your findings in a results section.
2. A researcher is interested in investigating which factors influence the tips left by customers in restaurants. He has decided to include the following independent variables (IV): waiter gender (male, female), comment left on bill (nothing, smiley face, name) and type of meal (breakfast, lunch, or dinner).
a. What research design would you recommend for this study? In particular, which of the IV’s do you think should be between subjects and which should be repeated measures and why?
b. Which ANOVA would be appropriate for the design you choose in question a? Be sure to write it in the standard ?x? x? format
c. How many main effects and how many interactions will there be in the analysis?
d. Which of the main effects and interactions would you hypothesize to be significant and why?
3. After running an experiment on the effects of stroboscopic training and catching performance an experimenter was disappointed to find no significant results. He expected that this may have occurred because there were some important variables that he did not make sure were similar for the different groups in his study, specifically the level of trait anxiety and the number of years of baseball experience. The data are shown below:
Subject # Training Group # Catches Pre-Training #Catching Post-Training Trait Anxiety Score (/10) # Years Baseball Experience
1.00 1.00 68.00 50.00 9.00 8.00
2.00 1.00 27.00 22.00 8.00 2.00
3.00 1.00 31.00 18.00 9.00 3.00
4.00 1.00 44.00 44.00 5.00 3.00
5.00 1.00 58.00 66.00 1.00 6.00
6.00 1.00 73.00 72.00 4.00 8.00
7.00 1.00 59.00 48.00 8.00 6.00
8.00 1.00 40.00 54.00 1.00 3.00
9.00 1.00 23.00 38.00 2.00 1.00
10.00 2.00 59.00 68.00 1.00 7.00
11.00 2.00 48.00 41.00 6.00 3.00
12.00 2.00 73.00 61.00 6.00 8.00
13.00 2.00 37.00 23.00 8.00 2.00
14.00 2.00 74.00 86.00 1.00 10.00
15.00 2.00 80.00 78.00 4.00 9.00
16.00 2.00 22.00 25.00 3.00 1.00
17.00 2.00 70.00 80.00 2.00 9.00
18.00 2.00 56.00 80.00 1.00 7.00
Note: Training group 1=strobe, 2=control
a. Run an analysis (with no covariates) to determine whether there was a significant effect of training group on the number of catches (pre-post training).
b. Now re-run the same analyses adding in the covariates. Do the results of this new analysis support the experimenter’s prediction?
Position Paper Guidelines
Purpose: the goal of this assignment is to get you to think about questionable practices in research. In
your paper you should start by critically summarizing two or more sources relevant to the topic you
choose. You should then write a brief section where you give your opinion about how serious this issue
is and what can be done about it. Your topic can be broad (i.e., covering all types of misconduct) or
narrow (e.g., focusing on just p-hacking on the file drawer problem).
-To get started I would recommended doing a search on one of the topics that you found interesting
e.g., “registered replications”, “p-hacking”, “cases of fraud in psychology”
Here are a few blogs that talk a fair bit about these issues:
http://blog.dansimons.com/2014/01/replication-retraction-and.html
http://psychsciencenotes.blogspot.com/2014/05/psychologys-real-replication-problem.html
http://rolfzwaan.blogspot.com/2014/06/whos-gonna-lay-down-law-in-psytown.html
Requirements:
-5 pages maximum (double spaced), less is OK! No other specific formatting requirements
-Use at least two sources (these can be blogs, articles, forums).
