Work and Energy
In this e\pcrintent you will study the energy of a dynamic system and determine whether or
not energy is conserved.
Equipment Needed
Computer data acquisition system with Data Studio
I Motion Sensor (Cl-(i742) l Collision cart (ME-9454) 1 Lab jack
lSt‘mtg 1 Extra mass for cart 1 Set of masses
l Balance scale I Angle indicator
1 Dynamics Track with end stop (ME-9429A)
Theoretical Background
In a mechanical system. energy is neither created nor destroyed, but it can be shifted from
potential energy (energy stored in position) to kinetic energy (energy expressed as motion) or
trom kinetic to potential. For an isolated system. we can apply the Work-Energy Theorem:
AE = – W Equation (1)
which states that any change in the total energy of a system is due to work. If the system
does work on the outside world. then W is positive and the energy of the system goes down.
In other words. the energy needed to do the work came from the system. If something from
the outside world does work on the system, then W is negative and the energy of the system
increases.
If no work is done. then the total energy of the system does not change. (Keep in mind.
however. that the potential and kinetic energies can still change. but one must increase by the
same amount the other decreases.)
Consider a mass on an inclined plane that is attached to a spring. It will have two types of
potential energy: potential due to gravity and potential due to the spring. In general, the
gravitational potential is equal to the work required to place the object at that height is given
by
PE: = mgh Equation (2)
In our Figure 1. the height 12 can be written in terms of the distance x and the angle 9.
PE, = mgxsinG Equation (3)
The potential energy in the spring can be written with respect to the unstretched position x…
l 2
PE_,,.,.,-,,g = -2-k(x – xo) Equation (4)
Here the constant k is the spring constant. which can be defined through Hooke’s Law:
F = – k(x – xo) Equation (5)
The kinetic energy of the mass is given by the expression
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I have this Lab to write about it’s in physics class and it’s the Work and Energy. Here is how the lab report should be written this is instructor’s order in how to write the lab report. I’ll provide you the manual information for the lab and Also the data you are going to need to do the calculation. IF THERE IS A HANDOUT FOR THE EXPERIEMENT, THAT IS WHAT YOU WILL USE TO WRITE YOUR LAB REPORT. Abstract?The abstract should be a one or two sentence broad overview of the experiment. Introduction The introduction should include a brief explanation of the theory of the experiment, which is outlined in the lab manual or the handout for the lab experiment. The introduction should also include the equations you will be using in the Data/Calculations section. Do not simply list the equations, but integrate them into the section. I will usually be writing the equations you will be using on the board unless you are given a handout. Procedure The procedure should include a step by step explanation of how the experiment was conducted. Do not include “I” or “We” but simply state what was done. You do not need to include steps like, “We opened the program stated in the lab manual” etc. Data/Calculations The data part of this section should be the data that you collected while conducting the experiment. The calculations part of this section should the part where you use the equations you stated in the Introduction section. When you use an equation for the first time you need to show the steps on how you simplified the equation to get your answer. After that, you do not need to show the steps on how you got the answer. Conclusion The conclusion should include your word answers to the questions laid out in the lab manual or handout. This section is used to discuss your finding and calculation results. I will tell you which questions in the lab manual to answer each time. Important thing I want a new writing I do not want plagiarism.
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